现在分词是由动词后面加ing构成，这个格式和动名词的样式是一样的，但是其意义不同。现在分词是非谓语动词的一种，所以它的格式不受单复数和人称的影响，但是它也有几个不同的形式。一般式：doing；被动一般式：being done； 完成式：having done；被动完成式：having been done；否定式：都是在前面加not。
现在分词既然是属于非谓语动词的一种，自然是不可以做谓语，但可以充当表语、定语、状语和补语。它表达的含义主要有两个：主动和进行。
1、做定语
I heard a terrible noise following the sudden birst of light.
Tom saw a flying horse in the picture.
2、做补语
The baby watches his mom washing clothes with interest.做宾语补足语
He was found cheating in an exam.做主语补语
3、做表语
That film is exciting.
The expression on his face was confusing.
4、做状语
The visitors expressed their satisfactory, adding that they would come again.伴随状语
Standing on the top of this hill, you can find that the sity is much larger than before.条件状语
European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.结果状语
Not having finished my work, I can’t rest now.原因状语
分析上面的例句，每一个现在分词都包含进行或者主动的含义。即分词动作和主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，或者分词动作是主语主动发出的。这是辨别现在分词和其它结构区别的关键。
